A run of show is the minute-by-minute schedule an event team works from, listing every cue, speaker change, video and transition in the order it happens.
Time, duration, what happens, and who makes it happen. A usable run of show breaks the day into the smallest unit anyone has to act on, which around a general session transition is often fifteen-second increments. Each line names the cue, the person responsible, and anything that has to be ready in advance such as a video file, a lower third or a microphone change.
The agenda is what attendees see: session titles, times and rooms. The run of show is what the production team sees, and it contains things the agenda never mentions, like walk-in music, the moment the house lights drop and who is holding the backup clicker. Confusing the two produces either a public event agenda full of internal cues or a run of show with no cues in it at all.
Stage manager, AV crew, and whoever is calling the show. Speakers get an extract rather than the whole document. Sponsors who paid for a stage moment should see the line that concerns them so there is no argument about timing on the day.
A run of show is wrong within hours of being written, because speakers drop out and segments move. Version control matters more than formatting. One owner, one live document, and a standing rule that the printed copy on the podium is not the source of truth.